The Correlation Of Age And Body Mass Index With The Level Of Both Protease MMP3 And Anti‑Protease TIMP‑1 Among Indonesian Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Preliminary Findings

Objectives: Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are usually > 50 years of age and have a low body mass index (BMI). An imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), including MMP-3, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), play a role in tissue degradation of lung extracellular matrix among COPD individuals. The purpose of the present study was to correlate age and/or BMI with salivary levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 among Indonesian subjects with COPD. Results: Thirty COPD patients were recruited to undergo thorough physical assessment and saliva collection for evaluating TIMP-1 and MMP-3 levels using commercially available kits enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The mean (standard deviation) participant age and BMI were 60.5 (8.13) years, and 23.1 (4.75) kg/m , respectively. Furthermore, the mean (standard deviation) of TIMP-1 and MMP3 levels were 23.99 (6.85) ng/mL and 1.81 (1.167) μM, respectively. Age was negatively correlated with MMP-3 (P < 0.05), but not with TIMP-1 levels. Age and BMI were not correlated with TIMP-1 level (P > 0.05). Collectively, this study demonstrated that age has a negative correlation with the protease marker (i.e. MMP-3), but not the anti-protease marker (TIMP-1). BMI was not correlated with either protease/anti-protease marker among Indonesian subjects with COPD

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Kepegawaian Dengan Metode Waterfall

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan sebuah Perancangan Sistem Informasi Kepegawaian menggunakan Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 dan database Microsoft Office Access 2010. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, yang memiliki hubungan dengan masalah. Dari analisis yang dilakukan, penulis menemukan masalah dalam proses data pegawai, pensiun pegawai, mutasi pegawai, dan cuti pegawai secara manual, sehingga hal ini membuat pekerjaan kurang efisien. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, perusahaan membutuhkan sebuah sistem informasi yang dapat mempermudah dalam pengelolaan sistem register umum. Metode dalam perancangan sistem yang digunakan penulis adalah Waterfall, dan alat bantu analisisnya menggunakan Unified Modeling Language (UML). Sedanglan bahasa pemrograman yang dipergunakan adalah Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 dengan database Microsoft Office Access 2010. Saran yang diberikan yaitu melakukan pelatihan kepada pengguna aplikasi dalam menjalankannya, melakukan maintenance program secara berkala, dan mengembangkan program dimasa yang akan datang

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Kepegawaian dengan Metode Waterfall

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan sebuah Perancangan Sistem Informasi Kepegawaian menggunakan Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 dan database Microsoft Office Access 2010. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, yang memiliki hubungan dengan masalah. Dari analisis yang dilakukan, penulis menemukan masalah dalam proses data pegawai, pensiun pegawai, mutasi pegawai, dan cuti pegawai secara manual, sehingga hal ini membuat pekerjaan kurang efisien. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, Perusahaan membutuhkan sebuah sistem informasi yang dapat mempermudah dalam pengelolaan sistem register umum. Metode dalam perancangan sistem yang digunakan penulis adalah Waterfall, dan alat bantu analisisnya menggunakan Unified Modeling Language (UML). Sedanglan bahasa pemrograman yang dipergunakan adalah Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 dengan database Microsoft Office Access 2010. Saran yang diberikan yaitu melakukan pelatihan kepada pengguna aplikasi dalam menjalankannya, melakukan maintenance program secara berkala, dan mengembangkan program dimasa yang akan datang

Growth and characterization of deposits in the combustion chamber of a diesel engine fueled with B50 and Indonesian biodiesel fuel (IBF)

Although used since 1893, biodiesel still faces problems that must be overcome before it can fully replace petroleum diesel. Existing literature shows that continuous use of biodiesel could lead to higher growth of deposits on critical engine components, contributing to lots of problems that could ultimately decrease engine performance. In this context, endurance tests were performed to compare the impacts of B50 and Indonesian biodiesel fuel (IBF: diesel fuel containing 10% palm oil biodiesel) on engine durability. More specifically, deposits growth as well as deposits structure and composition in response to the application of the above-mentioned fuel blends were investigated over 200 h. The results revealed that B50 produced relatively larger amounts of deposits especially on the valves and injector tip while also increased the risk of ring sticking. In addition, the structure and the elemental composition of the deposits formed on engine important components, i.e., injector tips, piston crown, intake/exhaust valves, cylinder head, and piston grooves when B50 was used were quite different compared with the IBF. Overall, more deposits formation was observed by increasing biodiesel inclusion rate while deposits tended to be wet and brittle as well

The correlation of age and body mass index with the level of both protease MMP3 and anti-protease TIMP-1 among Indonesian patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a preliminary findings

Abstract Objectives Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are usually > 50 years of age and have a low body mass index (BMI). An imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), including MMP-3, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), play a role in tissue degradation of lung extracellular matrix among COPD individuals. The purpose of the present study was to correlate age and/or BMI with salivary levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 among Indonesian subjects with COPD. Results Thirty COPD patients were recruited to undergo thorough physical assessment and saliva collection for evaluating TIMP-1 and MMP-3 levels using commercially available kits enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The mean (standard deviation) participant age and BMI were 60.5 (8.13) years, and 23.1 (4.75) kg/m2, respectively. Furthermore, the mean (standard deviation) of TIMP-1 and MMP3 levels were 23.99 (6.85) ng/mL and 1.81 (1.167) μM, respectively. Age was negatively correlated with MMP-3 (P  0.05). Collectively, this study demonstrated that age has a negative correlation with the protease marker (i.e. MMP-3), but not the anti-protease marker (TIMP-1). BMI was not correlated with either protease/anti-protease marker among Indonesian subjects with COPD